A Simple Mechanism for Detecting Low Curvatures
Dieter Kramer and Manfred Fahle
We measured thresholds for detecting the direction of curvature in slightly
bent stimuli such as arcs and sinusoidal lines, and the direction of bend
in chevrons and trapezoids in an initial experiment. Stimulus length varied
over a wide range from 8.3 to 267 min arc. For sufficiently long stimuli,
the angle between the stimulus and its chord was constant at 0.2 - 0.3 deg
at detection threshold. The constant threshold implies that performance
might be limited by the sensitivity of a single mechanism, in this case
one that detects the orientation difference between the stimulus and its
imaginary chord. In a second experiment, we investigated the twodimensional
extent of curvature sensitive units by measuring thresholds for detecting
curvature of arcs that were flanked by straight lines on both sides. Thresholds
remained unaffected at flank distances above 6 min arc but increased at
lower distances independently of arc length, compatible with the assumption
of a local, orientation sensitive mechanism. In a third experiment, we measured
curvature detection with stimuli of different shapes to examine psychophysically
the putative role of odd side margin receptive fields. We propose that low
curvatures might be analysed by orientation sensitive units with a size
around 20 x 8 min arc.